Description of the 15 best varieties of large-fruited hawthorn with photos and names

Varieties of garden hawthorn

Hawthorn is a shrubby perennial from the Rosaceae family. This medicinal, honey-bearing, ornamental plant is distinguished by its unpretentiousness and special endurance. Culture deservedly enjoys great popularity in all areas and regions.This article provides information about numerous types and varieties of hawthorn with a description of their characteristics and preferences when growing.

Content:

1. Types of hawthorn

2. Hawthorn varieties

Shamil
Timiryazevets
Paul Scarlett
Polupan
Zbigniew
Arnold
Rubra Plena
Spiendens
Lyudmil
Busing
Gift from Kuminov
Zlat
Mao Mao
Compacta
Carrieri

Description of the plant

Hawthorn is a crop with unique healing properties and very hard and durable wood, special external beauty during flowering and fruiting, a rich and valuable composition of fruits, good survival rate and adaptability to different climatic conditions. A small tree or large fruit shrub with a spreading crown can reach a height of three to ten meters.

Hawthorn blooms in May - June. The fragrant flowers are colored white or pink. Apple fruits are collected in clusters.

The plant consists of straight or curved branches with greyish-brown bark and almost always with sharp spines on the surface, ranging in length from five millimeters to seven centimeters. The leaf blades change their color according to the seasons: in summer they are green, in autumn they are yellow, orange, red, light brown.

Types of hawthorn

In the large family of fruit plants there are about three hundred species and more than two thousand varieties. All of them are very diverse and differ in decorativeness, size and shape of the bush, size, color and taste of fruits, productivity, color of leaves and shoots, resistance to climate and weather changes. Many specimens are similar to each other, but are endowed with individual characteristics and differences.

Large-fruited – is distinguished by high yields with large, fleshy fruits weighing about ten grams with a bright red color and a sweet and sour taste.
Regular or spiny – endowed with high resistance to strong gusts of wind and gas pollution, intended for cultivation in urban conditions near highways. Red berries with yellow pulp contain a lot of vitamins.
Daursky - a decorative species with a compact crown, a few spines, inflorescences of one or two dozen white flowers, and bright red berries. It is characterized by high resistance to frost and shade tolerance.
Monopistil – characterized by rapid growth after planting and easy to form a crown. Light red fruits are not only very beautiful, but also healthy, healing and tasty.
Bloody - a species with large thorns, spectacular snow-white flowers and healing blood-red fruits.
Aronia or green meat - endowed with a thick and dense crown, short spines on gray or yellow-brown bark, white flowers with black stamens and black fruits with green flesh.
Softish - a tall shrub with an almost perfectly round crown and very tasty orange fruits. More often used on the site as decoration.
Mordensky – has double bright pink blooms, which give way to white shades. The decorative appearance does not bear fruit. There are no thorns on its shoots.
pinnately cut - a spectacular frost-resistant species about six meters high, distinguished by unusual fruits, on the surface of which there are “warts”.
Canadian – a late-ripening species with a spreading crown, known for its tasty and long-lasting berries, from which juices are prepared.
Douglas – is a large spreading tree or dense bush with a wide crown. The fruits are black with a shiny surface and yellow flesh. Spikes - in minimal quantities.
Fisher – the shade-tolerant species is not afraid of drought and frost. Dark cherry berries with sweet and sour pulp ripen in September.
Songarskiy – has thin branches with reddish bark and thick straight spines about fifteen millimeters high. The black, fleshy berries have sparse light specks.
Dzungarian – a hybrid species with a tent-shaped crown has strong immunity and is not afraid of drought, cold, diseases and pests. It is distinguished by purple-black berries with juicy yellow pulp.
Crimean – prefers rocky terrain and mountain slopes, is listed in the Red Book. It is distinguished by dark red fruits - apples, which are used for culinary and medicinal purposes.

Also popular are such types of hawthorn as round-leaved, spur-shaped, fan-shaped, large-anthered, Vattiana, dotted, yellow, Siberian, oriental, Pontic, Chinese, plum-leaved, Altai.

Hawthorn varieties

Shamil "Shamil"

In the photo there is hawthorn Shamil. The large-fruited variety is characterized by abundant yields and high resistance to diseases and pests.

The shoots of a small tree are covered with a small number of spines, three to four centimeters long. Maximum yield is shown in open sunny areas.

The average height of the plant is from two to four meters.
Fruit ripening occurs from the second half of September to the beginning of October.
Each mature crop produces ten to twenty kilograms of fruit.
The average diameter of the spherical sweet and sour berries is two centimeters, weight is from four to eight grams. The skin is dense, red, with small light spots. The pulp is yellow. The fruits are collected in clusters of fifteen to twenty pieces. When fully ripe, the berries fall off.
The variety is recommended for cultivation in the Moscow region and in the central zone.

The fruits and flowers of hawthorn are medicinal raw materials and are used to make decoctions, tinctures, tea, herbal preparations and other medications.

Timiryazevets "Timiryazevets"

The photo shows the Timiryazevets hawthorn. An unpretentious, hardy, frost-resistant variety is a tree with a spreading crown.

Its trunk is straight, the bark is smooth with shallow cracks on the surface, the branches are slightly drooping, the leaves are deep green, and the fruits are large. Along the entire length of the shoot there are long and strong spines. Disadvantage: intolerance to prolonged drought and lack of watering.

The height of the plant depends on the growing conditions and ranges from four to six meters.
The ripening of hawthorn fruits begins in mid-September.
Productivity is at least fifteen kilograms per bush.
The weight of each fruit is from four to five grams. The berries are red, sweet and sour, without aroma, the pulp is juicy.
The variety can withstand frosts up to thirty-five degrees.

Paul Scarlett "Pauls Scarlet"

Flowering hawthorn Paul Scarlett

The popular variety of English origin is distinguished by a lush spherical crown, spreading branches, and a large number of spines up to two and a half centimeters long. During flowering, the bush becomes like sakura.The culture consists of large oval emerald green leaf blades, velvety carmine-colored flowers and spherical red fruits. Gardeners choose this variety due to its high decorative value and ease of formation.

The hawthorn bush most often grows to a height of three to four meters.
Fruiting occurs rarely, so the plants are used more for decorating the site because of their beautiful flowering.
Red-brown fruits with a slight silvery tint look like small apples.
The variety is suitable for cultivation in the Moscow region, certain regions of Siberia and the Far East.

Polupan

The variety, popular in terms of yield and taste of the fruit, belongs to the semi-soft hawthorn.

The plant is distinguished by an abundance of spines (about five centimeters long), which greatly interferes with harvesting. Due to their high decorative value, crops are used to decorate gardens and personal plots.

The height of an adult shrub is about four meters.
Fruit ripening begins in October and continues until frost.
One of the best varieties of hawthorn. Depending on the local climate, you can get a harvest of ten to forty kilograms of berries from one bush.
Very tasty and healthy fruits have a sweet taste, low acid content, bright red or burgundy color. The harvest is stored for a long time, almost until spring it retains all its best taste qualities.
The variety is highly winter hardy and does not require shelter. Suitable for growing in the Moscow region, Northern zone.

Zbigniew "Zbigniew"

In the photo there is a hawthorn Zbigniew. The shade-tolerant and light-loving variety consists of many shoots with brown bark, covered with numerous spines up to six centimeters long.

Its leaves are large, round, with a pointed tip and serrated edge. The plants are popular and in demand due to the excellent taste of the fruits and high frost resistance.

The height of an adult crop is about four meters.
Early ripening.
Each hawthorn bush produces from twelve to twenty kilograms of harvest, depending on the growing conditions and the age of the plant.
There are light dots on the surface of the bright red spherical fruits. The diameter of each is about two and a half centimeters, the weight is from four to six grams. The pulp is juicy and sweet – with a slight sourness.
The frost resistance of the variety is high. Withstands frosts up to thirty-two to thirty-five degrees.

Arnold "Arnold"

The popular large-fruited variety of American origin is presented in the form of a tree with a wide crown with a diameter of about five meters.

The main feature of the variety is its unpretentiousness in cultivation and durability. Used in landscape design and cooking. Disadvantages: strong spines up to nine centimeters long and instability to some diseases. The first harvest can be obtained only in the fifth or sixth year after planting.

The average height of a tree is about six meters.
Fruit ripening occurs in mid-September.
The yield of hawthorn is high - about forty to fifty kilograms from each adult plant (under favorable conditions).
The average diameter of the fruit is three centimeters, each contains three to four seeds. The bright red fruits have a round shape, a pleasant taste and a light aroma. The pulp is juicy, the skin is moderately dense.
The variety can withstand frosts up to thirty-five to forty degrees. In harsher climates, shelter is a must.Suitable for the Moscow region, Leningrad region, some northern regions.

Rubra Plena

The photo shows the flowering of hawthorn Rubra Plena

The light-loving, winter-hardy variety of hawthorn monopistillate is a spreading shrub or small tree. The crop is especially beautiful during flowering, when the crown is covered with large umbrella inflorescences consisting of double red flowers. Plants adapt well to urban and suburban conditions and respond positively to pruning and shaping.

The height of the plant and the width of the crown are approximately the same and range from three to six meters.
The berries ripen in September–October.
The yield is average - from ten to twenty kilograms per bush.
The fruits are brown-red in color, have a round shape, yellow juicy pulp with a seed in the middle.
The winter hardiness of the variety is high.

Spiendens "Splendens»

The hybrid variety of plum-leaved hawthorn consists of a dense asymmetrical openwork crown with a diameter of up to five meters, hanging lateral branches with smooth bark, large dark green leaves with a glossy surface, white inflorescences-umbrellas and bright red fruits.

The peculiarity of the variety is its rapid growth. Each year the growth is about thirty centimeters. The shoots have sharp spines ranging from four to seven centimeters in length.

The average height is from five to seven meters.
The fruits ripen in September and can remain on the branches until the New Year without falling off.
Productivity is from ten to thirty kilograms.
Bright red spherical berries have a pleasant sweet and sour taste and juicy yellowish flesh.
This variety of hawthorn can withstand frosts up to thirty degrees.In the first two years, it is recommended to cover the seedlings.

Lyudmil "Lyudmil"

Large-fruited and disease-resistant variety without thorns on the surface of the shoots, with a flat-topped crown.

The plant consists of green (summer) or orange-red (autumn), medium-sized leaves with a smooth surface and cone-shaped fruits with a long shelf life.

The bush grows in height up to four to six meters.
The fruits ripen in late September.
Gives abundant harvests every year. From one bush - from twelve to twenty-five kilograms.
The weight of the orange-red berry is from four and a half to eight grams, and its diameter is two centimeters. There are small grayish dots on the skin. The yellow juicy pulp has a sweet and sour taste.
The winter hardiness of the variety is high. Recommended for growing in the Moscow region and Central Russia.

Busing "Bushing"

The medium-sized variety consists of a straight trunk with light gray smooth bark, curved light green shoots with strong single spines, short pointed leaf blades with a matte surface, and rounded fruits.

Plants have strong immunity, are not affected by diseases and pests, and can withstand harsh winters, drought and heat.

The height of an adult tree is from four to seven meters.
The fruits ripen in September – October.
Each tree bears about twenty kilograms of fruit.
Sweet and sour yellow-orange berries are covered with thick skin. Average weight is four and a half grams. There is no aroma.
The variety can withstand frosts of up to thirty degrees and below without shelter.

Gift from Kuminov

The variety, universal in purpose and use, is endowed with slow growth, a dense compact crown and valuable fruits.

The tree consists of slightly curved branches with raised ends and ash-gray bark, sharp straight spines three to five centimeters long, green ovoid leaves, large white flowers and rounded fruits.

The average height of a tree is from four and a half to five meters.
The fruits ripen in the second half of September.
Each crop produces from ten to thirty kilograms of berries.
The average weight of the fruit is from three and a half to five and a half grams. The pulp is juicy, slightly fresh in taste, with a slight sourness. The skin is moderately dense, red in color, and oily to the touch.
This variety of hawthorn can withstand frosts up to twenty-five degrees.

Zlat "Zlat"

The domestic variety of hawthorn is distinguished by the absence of thorns and large, tasty fruits.

The bush consists of straight dark brown shoots with a grayish tint (or light gray spots) closer to autumn, small elongated leaves of a light green color and spherical ribbed fruits. Disadvantage: low winter hardiness.

The tree or bush usually does not exceed four or four and a half meters in height.
The fruits ripen in the last week of September or in early October.
The yield from each crop is about twenty-five to thirty kilograms.
The fruits are endowed with a pleasant sweet and sour taste and sunny yellow color. The average weight is about five grams, the diameter is twenty to twenty-two millimeters. When ripe, they do not fall off and have a high shelf life.
It can withstand severe winters with frosts above twenty-five degrees only under reliable shelter made of special materials.

Mao Mao "Mao Mao"

A shade-tolerant, large-fruited variety of pinnathorn hawthorn is a shrub or tree with straight shoots without thorns or with a minimal number of them.

Leaf blades of a bright green hue with a shiny surface become scarlet or orange with the arrival of autumn. The fruits are suitable for fresh consumption and processing.

The height of the plant is about four meters.
The fruit ripening period is from the twentieth of September to the twentieth of October.
One of the best varieties. Under favorable conditions, the yield is high and stable. Each crop produces from ten to thirty kilograms of fruit.
The average diameter of a spherical berry is from two to two and a half centimeters, weight is from ten to twelve grams. The bright red fruits are covered with a shiny, dense skin; inside there is yellowish pulp with a sour taste.
The variety can withstand frosts up to twenty-eight to thirty degrees. In young crops without additional shelter, shoots may freeze, especially in snowless winters.

Compact "Compacta»

A low-growing variety of hawthorn monopistillate is distinguished by a dense openwork crown consisting of green glossy leaves and short shoots. During the flowering period, the crown turns white.

In summer, the small leaf blades are colored in dark green shades, and in autumn - in orange and reddish-brown. Plants are drought-resistant, highly decorative and able to fully grow in urban environments.

The dimensions of the spherical bush are about three centimeters in height and from one and a half to three meters in diameter.
Fruit ripening occurs in mid-September.
Productivity is from ten to twenty kilograms per bush.
The bright red fruits have a round shape, a sweet and sour taste, juicy pulp, and a seed inside. They have medicinal properties and are used in official and folk medicine.
The winter hardiness of the variety is high. It grows without shelter in the Moscow region and some regions of central Russia.

Carrieri "Сarrierei"

A long-lasting, hardy variety of hawthorn is presented in the form of a large shrub or tree with a spherical or spreading crown. The shoots have spines up to five centimeters long.

Features of the variety are high resistance to wind, drought and heat, the ability to fully grow in urban conditions. The lifespan of plants is more than a hundred years.

The height of the crop is from six to eight meters.
The berries ripen in September - October and do not fall off for a long period. They can remain on the branches as decoration throughout the winter.
The yield is average - from eight to fifteen kilograms per crop.
There are small specks on the surface of the orange-red fruit. The pulp is juicy, sweet and sour, yellow in color. The average diameter of the berry is from thirteen to eighteen millimeters.
Withstands frosts up to twenty-five to twenty-eight degrees. In regions with harsher winters, crops require shelter.